Copyright means all work sold and displayed on this web site is Pet Lover Art's and Rohling Studios' body of work. It means that you cannot reproduce images or words without written permission by Claudia Rohling at Pet Lover Art. All the art work on this website is Copyrighted. All rights are reserved by Pet Lover Art and Rohling Studios under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. No part of this Web Site may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the express written permission of the publisher, except for brief quotations or critical reviews. Feel free to contact Pet Lover Art if you have any questions at LEGAL@PetLoverArt.com.

Please understand the spirit in which the following information is given: Long experience tells us that our customers are completely scrupulous about adhering to the copyright conventions, and we make no assumptions to the contrary. This info is for newcomers and folks who may not understand the implications of these issues.

INCREDIBLY PAINFUL MISTAKE #1:

Thinking that the worst thing that can happen if you "steal" an image or text is that you can be forced to pay what you would have had to pay anyway...

Copyright laws provide for statutory penalties of up to $150,000 per infringement. "Borrow" an image or text ? Who's going to know, right? If somebody "catches" me, I'll just stop using it? Nope. You have "infringed" a legal copyright, and THAT's what we will come after you for: $150,000.

INCREDIBLY PAINFUL MISTAKE #2:

Thinking, hey, let THEM prove I took the picture or text.

"Intellectual Property" issues are different from a lot of things in the rest of the world. ("Intellectual Property" is how the law describes things like books, poems, symphonies and...photos.) In the rest of the world, if somebody thinks you stole something, they have to prove you did. In the world of "copyright infringement", you have to prove that you DIDN'T. Yep.

Let's say, for example, that someone sees one of their pictures used on your website or in a store. They can prove that it is, indeed, their picture. They own the copyright on it. They can make a demand that you prove that you have legally acquired the right to use the picture. If you can't prove it (usually in the form of a paid invoice) you're in big trouble. Very big. (See "Incredibly painful mistake #1", above.)

INCREDIBLY PAINFUL MISTAKE #3:

Thinking to yourself, "Hey, I'll just use Photoshop™ and change the pictures a little. Who's gonna know?"

Watermarking involves digitally embedding into an image a symbol that identifies the copyright holder.

The Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998 makes it a criminal offense to remove watermarks meant to protect copyright. Many people don't realize that under US copyright law, it is specifically illegal to remove a watermark from a photo. Not only is the act of removal prohibited, the courts assume that the very attempt indicates a willful intent to violate somebody's copyright. And that's something the courts come down really hard on. [See "Incredibly Painful Mistakes" numbers 1 & 2, above].

INCREDIBLY PAINFUL MISTAKE #4:

Thinking, hey, I'm too "small potatoes" for anyone to care.
To the contrary. The Internal Revenue Service figured this out a long time ago, which is why they focus on the "small" cheaters, not the big ones: There are a lot more "small fry" than there are "big cheeses", and the message you send when you attend to the smaller entities is a powerful "word of mouth" engine. If you're doing a little out-of-the-way website or a local-distribution brochure and thinking you'll just appropriate a few images because, after all, who's going to care... guess what? You are smack in the bull's-eye, exactly the "profile" that is being targeted.

Why we hate talking about this stuff...
Simple: In over two decades of doing business with literally hundreds of original pieces of artwork around the world, we have found that our customers are overwhelmingly honest and straightforward with no desire whatsoever to be anything but scrupulously attentive to the dictates of "fair play". As creative people themselves, they understand the importance of "intellectual property" (their own as well as ours) and are utterly reliable-- and a flat-out pleasure to deal with.

In short, we hate talking about this stuff because it makes us sound like we don't trust our customers-- and nothing could be further from the truth.

Why we talk about it anyway...
here are those who don't mind keeping beginners "in the dark"-- and then pouncing when they make a mistake. If we're going to tell you that you shouldn't even THINK about "stealing" a picture, we figure we ought to tell you what we mean-- and why-- and let you know that you could be getting yourself into much bigger trouble than you might imagine.

What does "Intellectual Property" mean?
"Intellectual property" refers to original creations in the fields of literature and the arts. Most countries in the world provide automatic copyright protection to any item of intellectual property at the instant the item is created. At the instant a photo is taken, it automatically becomes the "intellectual property" of the photographer who took it. It makes no difference what the subject is or why the photograph was taken.

What is "copyright infringement", anyway?
Legally, the person who holds the copyright to a photo has the absolute right to control how you use that photo -- or to deny you the right to use that photo at all. Any unauthorized usage is an "infringement" of the copyright. This INCLUDES using the picture for "reference" in a derivative work. It also includes use of images BEYOND that which has been legitimately purchased. For example, offering images for resale without first obtaining a template license would be an infringement of copyright. So, too, would be the case if you exceed the 10 User Limit without obtaining a site license.

Many people don't realize just how all-encompassing a copyright is. For example, there's a common misconception that any image appearing on a website may be downloaded and "saved" to disk. This is absolutely not the case. The very act of saving a copyrighted image to your local disk -- regardless of whether you ever do anything else with the image or not -- constitutes a copyright infringement -- minor, perhaps, and done all the time, but an infringement nonetheless. And infringements large and small are "actionable" (i.e., can be grounds for a lawsuit.)

How to keep yourself out of trouble
All you really have to do is respect both the letter and the spirit of the copyright laws -- and use common sense. Obviously, you're taking a big risk if you download images willy-nilly without regard to who owns them and whether you have permission to do so.

Why are penalties for copyright infringement so severe?
Copyright laws exist to encourage people to be creative by giving them the right to control -- and benefit from -- the products of that creativity. Because it's so easy these days for one person to "steal" the creative output of somebody else, lawmakers have recognized that for copyright laws to be effective, they must have real teeth.

If copyright infringement resulted in nothing but a slap on the wrist, there are unfortunately those who would say to themselves, "If I get caught, I'll just pay the fine and consider it a cost of doing business." Lawmakers in the US have figured that $150,000.00 -- the maximum fine that can be awarded per infringement -- is a figure large enough to discourage that attitude in most people.

So, if you have larceny in your heart, think twice! One hundred and fifty thousand dollars!